This book contains selected essays of Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia on caste system that provide an overview of his thoughts on caste and his ideas on the abolition of caste system. Lohia has not only analysed the origin of caste, but also provided a deeper understanding of the continuation of the caste system and its implications for the progress of India. He made a scathing critique of caste and caste inequality and made a passionate and reasoned appeal to abolish the caste system for which he chalked out a detailed programme of action, especially for Socialist Party. He laid a great deal of emphasis on political empowerment of the backward classes that he considered as an important strategic move for the abolition of the caste system. His essays on caste continue to hold significance, as caste persists as an institution of social inequality in Indian society. Reading of his essays on caste is important as many of his ideas are appealing.