The hereditary monarchy of the Wangchuk dynasty was established in 1907 in the independent Himalayan state of Bhutan, thus introducing one of the world's most recent experiments in kingship. The new order quickly replaced a theocracy founded in the seventeenth century by the first of the Dharma Rajas', a lineage of reincarnating lamas known by the title of Shabdrung. The first king of the new dynasty, Ugyen Wangchuk (1862-1926), was a charismatic figure who came to power against a turbulent background of incessant and complex feuding. He adopted as the unique symbol of his'
About the Author
Michael Aris (1946-1999) was Research Fellow in Tibetan and Himalayan Studies at St Antony’s College, Oxford. He had also been Visiting Professor at Harvard University and a Fellow of the Indian Institute of Advanced Studies. In 1967-72 he lived in Bhutan and worked there as a royal tutor, government translator and historical researcher. On returning to England he obtained a doctorate in Tibetan literature from London University. His earlier publications include Bhutan: The Early History of a Himalayan Kingdom (1979), Views of Medieval Bhutan: The Diary and Drawings of Samuel Davis, 1783 (1982), Sources for the History of Bhutan (1986), and Hidden Treasures and Secret Lives: A Study of Pemalingpa (1450-1521) and The Sixth Dalai Lama (1683-1706) (1986). Michael Aris was married to Aung San Suu Kyi, a prisoner of conscience and winner of the 1991 Nobel Peace Prize. This book was written while under house arrest with his wife in Rangoon in 1994.